Joseph O Franklin

50352423, Jul 30, 1991

Apr 16, 1990

7/508728

David Franklin - Somerville MA
Joseph Franklin - Somerville MA
Paul Hughes - Sudbury MA

A61H 100

1284205

A tactile aid for deaf individuals includes a conveniently wearable array of vibration transducers mounted on a flexible carrier strip so as to be positionally biased toward the individuals's skin. Each transducer includes an enclosed magnetically vibratable cantilevered beam, an angled mounting slot to effect the positional bias mounting on the strip, and contact pads rather than conventional pin connectors to both reduce mass and facilitate electrical connection to contact pads on carrier strips in the form of printed circuit boards. Received acoustic signals are processed in at least first and second formant circuits each sub-divided into plural sub-bands corresponding to the number of transducers. In each formant circuit the corresponding formant frequency and amplitude are measured, averaged over a predetermined number of cycles, and a voltage corresponding to the measured amplitude is provided on a corresponding sub-hand channel to pulse width modulate a pulse train employed to excite the transducers. Spectral resolution can be increased by averaging the amplitude/frequency measurements over fewer cycles.

20190219927, Jul 18, 2019

Sep 4, 2017

16/331710

- Veldhoven, NL
Frederikus Johannes Maria DE VREEDE - Valkenswaard, NL
David TAUB - Stamford CT, US
Eric EMERY - Stamford CT, US
Joseph Ashwin FRANKLIN - Norwalk CT, US

ASML Netherlands B.V. - Veldhoven
ASML Holding N.V. - Veldhoven

G03F 7/20
G03F 9/00

An alignment system configured to be substantially insensitive to thermal variations in its system during alignment measurements. The alignment system includes a sensor system, a support structure, a sensing element, a position measurement system, and an athermal interface between the sensing element and the support structure. The sensor system is configured to determine a in position of an alignment mark on a substrate and the support structure is configured to support the sensor system. The sensing element is configured to detect an unintentional displacement of the support structure and the position measurement system is configured to measure the unintentional displacement relative to a reference element based on the detected unintentional displacement. The athermal interface is configured to prevent detection of temperature induced displacement of the support structure by the sensing element.